Does the kidney have to be matched as right for right and left to left?

I will assume that you are asking about kidney transplantation. The transplant is actually placed in the lower abdomen or upper leg area (groin area) rather than in the usual anatomic position of the kidneys. A left kidney is transplanted into the right groin and the right kidney is transplanted into the left groin area. By doing this, all of the anatomy matches up properly.

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